Risk Glossary

Comprehensive catalog of AI security risks, TTPs, and impacts

11
categorys
12
deliverys
2
impacts
5
mitigations
4
ttps
CATEGORY Risk: 80

User Inputs

TAXONOMY
NIST:Unintended Output MIT:Malicious Actors & Misuse
EXAMPLES
  • chat UI
  • clipboard paste
MITIGATIONS
input normalization heuristic detectors rate limits
DELIVERY Risk: 85

Chat UI / Web App

2 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Unintended Output
EXAMPLES
  • web chat widget, intranet copilot
MITIGATIONS
canonicalization prompt provenance warn mode
DELIVERY Risk: 78

Clipboard / Paste

1 connections
TAXONOMY
MIT:Human-Computer Interaction
EXAMPLES
  • user pastes prompt template from Slack/Reddit
MITIGATIONS
endpoint agent clipboard monitor UI paste warning
DELIVERY Risk: 55

Voice-to-Text Input

TAXONOMY
NIST:Unintended Output
EXAMPLES
  • assistant voice request
MITIGATIONS
ASR post-normalization sensitive-action confirmation
CATEGORY Risk: 88

File Uploads & Document Ingest

TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation MIT:Supply Chain & Misuse
EXAMPLES
  • PDF, DOCX, spreadsheets, images
MITIGATIONS
metadata stripping YARA-like scans quarantine
DELIVERY Risk: 90

DOCX / PDF Upload

1 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation
EXAMPLES
  • hidden comments, macros, metadata instructions
MITIGATIONS
macro disable hidden text detection format conversion
CATEGORY Risk: 82

Connectors & Integrations

TAXONOMY
NIST:Access to Unauthorized Information MIT:Malicious Actors & Misuse
EXAMPLES
  • Google Drive, Slack, GitHub, OneDrive
MITIGATIONS
least-privilege tokens connector audit sync quarantine
DELIVERY Risk: 85

Drive / SharePoint Connector

TAXONOMY
NIST:Data Privacy Violation
EXAMPLES
  • auto-sync of corpora
MITIGATIONS
scoped tokens on-first-sync review
CATEGORY Risk: 83

APIs & SDKs

TAXONOMY
NIST:System Manipulation MIT:Cyberattacks
EXAMPLES
  • inference endpoints, webhooks, function-calls
MITIGATIONS
schema validation function whitelists auth rotation
DELIVERY Risk: 84

Model Inference Endpoint

3 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Unintended Output
EXAMPLES
  • REST/gRPC inference calls
MITIGATIONS
request validation rate limiting monitoring
CATEGORY Risk: 90

Agentic Systems & Automation

TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation MIT:Malicious Actors & Misuse
EXAMPLES
  • autonomous agents, RAG agents
MITIGATIONS
capability gating human-approval gates
DELIVERY Risk: 92

Orchestrator / Agent Runner

2 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Access to Unauthorized Information
EXAMPLES
  • agent chains that call APIs or change infra
MITIGATIONS
sandboxing time-limited tokens audit trails
CATEGORY Risk: 95

Training & Fine-tune Pipelines

TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation MIT:Supply Chain
EXAMPLES
  • dataset ingestion, annotator platforms
MITIGATIONS
data provenance robust training checks holdout validation
DELIVERY Risk: 93

Vector DB / RAG Store

2 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Data Privacy Violation
EXAMPLES
  • embeddings ingestion, retrieval corpora
MITIGATIONS
ingest sanitization vector integrity checks
CATEGORY Risk: 94

Model Artifacts & Supply Chain

TAXONOMY
MIT:Supply Chain NIST:Model Integrity Degradation
EXAMPLES
  • third-party weights, container images, libs
MITIGATIONS
signed artifacts SBOM verified registries
DELIVERY Risk: 96

Third-Party Model Weights

TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation
EXAMPLES
  • downloaded checkpoints, trojaned weights
MITIGATIONS
checksum verification signature validation
CATEGORY Risk: 80

Runtime Infrastructure

TAXONOMY
NIST:Security Vulnerability Exposure
EXAMPLES
  • inference hosts, cache, load balancers
MITIGATIONS
segmentation runtime hardening resource monitoring
DELIVERY Risk: 82

Inference Node (GPU/TPU)

1 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Security Vulnerability Exposure
EXAMPLES
  • serving node, edge inference box
MITIGATIONS
seccomp, container isolation hardware access controls
CATEGORY Risk: 86

Management & Orchestration

TAXONOMY
NIST:Supply Chain MIT:Governance
EXAMPLES
  • CI/CD, parameter stores, model registry
MITIGATIONS
signed CI artifacts RBAC gitops
DELIVERY Risk: 88

CI/CD Pipeline

TAXONOMY
MIT:Supply Chain
EXAMPLES
  • automated deployments of models/services
MITIGATIONS
artifact signing approval gates immutable tags
CATEGORY Risk: 70

Monitoring, Logs & Telemetry

TAXONOMY
NIST:Data Privacy Violation
EXAMPLES
  • log aggregation, replay stores
MITIGATIONS
hash/redact prompts tamper-evident logs
DELIVERY Risk: 65

SIEM / Log Aggregator

TAXONOMY
MIT:Governance
EXAMPLES
  • Graylog, Splunk, Elastic
MITIGATIONS
redaction encrypted transport retention policy
CATEGORY Risk: 79

Human & Social Channels

TAXONOMY
MIT:Malicious Actors & Misuse
EXAMPLES
  • phishing, insider leaks
  • shared templates
MITIGATIONS
training DLP admin approvals
IMPACT Risk: 98

Impact: Data Exfiltration

1 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:Data Privacy Violation
EXAMPLES
  • leak PII, IP, credentials
MITIGATIONS
block, quarantine incident response
IMPACT Risk: 96

Impact: Unauthorized Execution

1 connections
TAXONOMY
NIST:System Manipulation
EXAMPLES
  • agent executes harmful commands
MITIGATIONS
human approval rollback revoke tokens
MITIGATION Risk: 10

Mitigation: Input Normalization

EXAMPLES
  • unicode normalization
  • decode base64
MITIGATION Risk: 12

Mitigation: TPROXY / Proxy Inspection

EXAMPLES
  • nft TPROXY redirect to mitmproxy/Envoy
MITIGATION Risk: 15

Mitigation: Rulepacks (YARA/Regex)

EXAMPLES
  • lexical rules
  • obfuscation detectors
MITIGATION Risk: 8

Mitigation: Human Approval Gate

EXAMPLES
  • two-man rule for function calls
MITIGATION Risk: 18

Mitigation: Data & Model Provenance

EXAMPLES
  • signed datasets
  • SBOM
TTP Risk: 95

TTP: Prompt Injection / Jailbreak

TAXONOMY
NIST:Unintended Output
EXAMPLES
  • ignore prior instructions
MITIGATIONS
rulepacks context validation
TTP Risk: 88

TTP: Obfuscation / Encoding

EXAMPLES
  • base64
  • JSFuck
MITIGATIONS
input_normalization decoder detection
TTP Risk: 97

TTP: Data Poisoning / Backdoor

TAXONOMY
NIST:Model Integrity Degradation
EXAMPLES
  • embedding poisoning
  • targeted poisoned examples
MITIGATIONS
provenance holdout validation
TTP Risk: 93

TTP: Function-Call Abuse

TAXONOMY
NIST:System Manipulation
EXAMPLES
  • model crafts API call to exfiltrate data
MITIGATIONS
function whitelists sandbox execution

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